AGHAGALLON covers 307.5 km² in Northern Ireland. With 91 historic sites and 14 scheduled monuments on record, the ward sits at the 79th percentile across all 462 NI wards for combined archaeological heritage. It also records 22 listed buildings (HED Historic Buildings Record), the 51st percentile for listed-building density across NI wards. Per 1,000 residents, this works out at 25.2 recorded sites — the 68th percentile across NI wards (a measure of heritage density relative to current population). Dated archaeological evidence runs from the Mesolithic through to the Modern period, spanning 6 archaeological periods, around the NI median for chronological depth.
Heritage at a glance
Percentile rankings throughout this profile compare each ward only against the other 461 Northern Ireland wards.
Population context
The recorded heritage of AGHAGALLON
Of the 91 historic sites recorded, the most common are Enclosure (19, 21% of historic sites), Enclosure (O.S. Memoir Site, Unlocated) (12), and Tree Plantation (5). For Enclosures, this is the 89th percentile across NI wards that record this type. For Enclosure (O.S. Memoir Site, Unlocated)s, this is the 86th percentile across NI wards that record this type. Across the ward's 307.5 km², this gives a recorded density of 0.41 sites per km² (all heritage types combined). Scheduled monuments are distributed across approximately 0.05° of latitude and 0.07° of longitude within the ward, indicating dispersed rather than clustered placement.
Most common monument types
| Type | Count | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Enclosure | 19 | — |
| Enclosure (o.s. Memoir Site, Unlocated) | 12 | — |
| Tree Plantation | 5 | — |
Chronological distribution
Terrain and environment
A mean elevation of 19m places this ward among the lowest-lying in NI (9th percentile), reaching 77m at the highest point. The terrain is broadly flat, with a mean slope of 1.3° (0th percentile across NI). Drainage is poor across much of the ward — the Topographic Wetness Index of 12.7 sits in the 99th NI percentile, reflecting low-lying or impeded-drainage ground prone to waterlogging. The land-cover mosaic combines open water (52%), improved grassland (35%), and woodland (8%), giving a mixed agricultural and semi-natural landscape. In overall character, this is low-lying, gently-sloping terrain — characteristic of NI's lowland basins and coastal plains, with land use dominated by open water.
Terrain measurements
Where this ward sits in NI
Geology and preservation
The dominant bedrock formed during the Cainozoic era (Palaeogene period). Relatively young rock formed in the last 66 million years. In Ulster, Cainozoic basalt — the lava that created the Antrim Plateau and Giant's Causeway — dominates much of the eastern landscape. Peat covers 15% of the ward. Peat-bound ground preserves organic archaeological material that would not survive on aerated mineral soils. Bedrock composition is moderately varied (complexity index 0.60), with two or three geological units present within the ward boundary.
Placename evidence
The combined OSNI, Logainm NI, and GeoNames sources record 38 placenames for this ward. Diagnostic heritage strata identified within these are: 1 pre-Christian defensive (rath-, dún-, lios-, caiseal-) and 4 ecclesiastical (cill-, teampall-, mainistir-, díseart-). Note: Irish-language (name_ga) forms are recorded for roughly half of NI placenames in the combined sources, so anglicised forms whose Irish original could belong to multiple categories may be misclassified.
Placename categories
Scheduled monuments in AGHAGALLON
Scheduled monuments are sites legally protected under the Historic Monuments and Archaeological Objects (Northern Ireland) Order 1995, designated by the Historic Environment Division (HED).
| Monument | Type | Period |
|---|---|---|
| Mound | Mound | Unknown |
| Multi-ditched Enclosure | Multi-Ditched Enclosure | Iron Age |
| Large enclosure | Large Enclosure | Iron Age |
| Crannog | Crannog | Iron Age |
| Lagan Canal, Reach 16 (IHR 02680) | Lagan Canal, Reach 16 (Ihr 02680) | Post-Medieval |
| Lagan Canal, Reach 17 (IHR 02680) | Lagan Canal, Reach 17 (Ihr 02680) | Post-Medieval |
| Lagan Canal, Reach 18 (IHR 02680) | Lagan Canal, Reach 18 (Ihr 02680) | Post-Medieval |
| Lagan Canal, Reach 20 – Section 1(IHR 02680) | Lagan Canal, Reach 20 – Section 1(Ihr 02680) | Post-Medieval |
Recorded historic sites
| Name | Period | Type |
|---|---|---|
| A.P. SITE | Unknown | Unknown |
| A.P. SITE – D-SHAPED ENCLOSURE | Iron Age | Unknown |
| A.P. SITE – circular cropmark | Unknown | Unknown |
| A.P. SITE – circular cropmark | Unknown | Unknown |
| A.P. SITE – circular cropmark – Rath? | Early Medieval | Defence |
| A.P. SITE – circular enclosure | Iron Age | Unknown |
| A.P. SITE – enclosure | Iron Age | Unknown |
| A.P. SITE – enclosure? | Iron Age | Unknown |
| A.P. SITE – penannular cropmark | Unknown | Unknown |
| A.P. SITE – small circular enclosure | Iron Age | Unknown |
Listed buildings in AGHAGALLON
| Address / Name | Grade | Period |
|---|---|---|
| KINNEGOE HOUSE, 78 ANNESBOROUGH ROAD KINNEGOE LURGAN CO.ARMAGH | B1 | — |
| KILMORE HOUSE, 107 CORNAKINNEGAR ROAD LURGAN CO.ARMAGH | B1 | — |
| KILMORE HOUSE 112 KILMORE ROAD CRAIGAVON CO.ARMAGH | B | — |
| LEANSMOUNT HOUSE 37 LEANSMOUNT ROAD KILMORE CO.ARMAGH | B1 | — |
| CHERRYMOUNT CORNAKINNEGAR ROAD LURGAN CO.ARMAGH | B | — |
| ST.PATRICK'S RC CHURCH AGHAGALLON CRAIGAVON CO.ARMAGH | B | — |
| THE CAIRN 14 BRANKISTOWN ROAD AGHALEE LURGAN CO.ARMAGH | B1 | — |
| Aghagallon Bridge Aghalee Road Aghalee County Antrim | Record Only | — |
| Telephone Kiosk at The Gate Inn, Gawley's Gate, Aghalee, Co Antrim | B2 | 1940 – 1959 |
| Derryola Bridge, Derryola Bridge Road, Aghalee, BT67 0DJ | B2 | 1820 – 1839 |
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Grounding History: 10 Maps of Northern Ireland’s Past
A spatial history report bringing together analysis of all 462 wards into one place through 10 high-quality maps — covering monument density, archaeological periods, placename heritage, terrain, wetland, and the historic landscape at first survey.
About this profile
What is a ward?
A ward is the smallest electoral and statistical geography used by the Northern Ireland Statistics and Research Agency (NISRA). The boundaries used here are the 2014 NISRA / OSNI Wards (462 across Northern Ireland), each typically covering 1-700 km² and a population of a few thousand. Wards do not align with parishes, townlands, or any historic administrative unit — they are a modern statistical convenience, used here only as a fixed spatial frame within which to summarise heritage records.
What counts as a site?
Three distinct heritage record types are reported separately, not combined: (1) Historic Sites — entries in the Northern Ireland Sites and Monuments Record (NISMR), the inventory of recorded archaeological sites and findspots, dated from prehistoric to early-modern; (2) Scheduled Monuments — sites legally protected under the Historic Monuments and Archaeological Objects (NI) Order 1995 and maintained by the Historic Environment Division (HED); (3) Listed Buildings — buildings of architectural or historic interest protected under the Planning Act (NI) 2011 and graded A, B+, B1, B2, or Record-Only by HED. A site appearing in more than one register is counted in each register independently.
Editorial principles
These ward profiles describe evidence, not history. They report what is recorded, not what occurred. Where the data is ambiguous, we say so. We do not infer historical processes — population movements, settlement expansion, periods of decline — from patterns in the record. Absence of evidence is not evidence of absence: in Northern Ireland, where antiquarian survey was uneven and modern excavation is geographically biased, a gap in the record almost always reflects the limits of recording rather than a genuine historical absence. We mark such gaps explicitly where they appear in the data.
Limits of coverage and known caveats
Several caveats apply to every ward profile: (1) NISMR coverage is uneven across NI — some areas (notably parts of the south-east and the Belfast urban fringe) have been more intensively surveyed than others, so a low recorded site count does not reliably indicate a low past density of activity; (2) period attributions in NISMR are often 'Unknown', and chronological breakdowns reported here reflect only the dated subset; (3) placename classification depends on the Irish-language form (name_ga), which is recorded for approximately 50% of NI placenames in the combined sources, so ecclesiastical and pre-Christian counts may be understated where anglicised forms remain unparsed; (4) terrain percentile ranks compare each ward only to the other 461 NI wards; they are not absolute thresholds. For absence-dominant land cover categories (wetland, water, cropland), percentile ranks are suppressed below 1% raw value, since the ranking of zero-value wards is not meaningful.
Data sources (11)
- Northern Ireland Sites and Monuments Record (NISMR) https://www.communities-ni.gov.uk/articles/nismr-public-mapviewer
- HED Scheduled Monuments Dataset https://www.opendatani.gov.uk/@historic-environment-division/scheduled-monuments-northern-ireland
- HED Historic Buildings Record https://www.communities-ni.gov.uk/topics/historic-environment/listed-buildings
- OSNI OS Open Names (Northern Ireland) https://www.opendatani.gov.uk/@ordnance-survey-of-northern-ireland/osni-open-data—50k-gazetteer
- Logainm — Placenames Database of Ireland https://www.logainm.ie/
- GeoNames https://www.geonames.org/
- Census 2021 (Northern Ireland) https://www.nisra.gov.uk/statistics/2021-census
- OSNI Open Data — Largescale Boundaries https://www.opendatani.gov.uk/@ordnance-survey-of-northern-ireland/osni-open-data-largescale-boundaries-wards-2012
- Copernicus GLO-30 DEM https://spacedata.copernicus.eu/collections/copernicus-digital-elevation-model
- ESA WorldCover https://esa-worldcover.org/
- GSNI 1:250,000 Geology https://www.bgs.ac.uk/geological-data/maps/