GORTIN covers 270.9 km² in Northern Ireland. With 77 historic sites and 11 scheduled monuments on record, the ward sits at the 81st percentile across all 462 NI wards for combined archaeological heritage. It also records 46 listed buildings (HED Historic Buildings Record), the 75th percentile for listed-building density across NI wards. Per 1,000 residents, this works out at 41.6 recorded sites — the 86th percentile across NI wards (a measure of heritage density relative to current population). Dated archaeological evidence runs from the Mesolithic through to the Modern period, spanning 7 archaeological periods, placing the ward in the 79th percentile NI-wide for chronological depth.
Heritage at a glance
Percentile rankings throughout this profile compare each ward only against the other 461 Northern Ireland wards.
Population context
The recorded heritage of GORTIN
Of the 77 historic sites recorded, the most common are Enclosure (18, 23% of historic sites), Standing Stone (3), and Two Standing Stones (2). For Enclosures, this is the 88th percentile across NI wards that record this type. For Standing Stones, this is the 35th percentile among NI wards that record this type. Across the ward's 270.9 km², this gives a recorded density of 0.49 sites per km² (all heritage types combined). Scheduled monuments are distributed across approximately 0.08° of latitude and 0.11° of longitude within the ward, indicating dispersed rather than clustered placement.
Most common monument types
| Type | Count | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Enclosure | 18 | — |
| Standing Stone | 3 | — |
| Two Standing Stones | 2 | — |
Chronological distribution
Note: 21% of historic site records carry an ‘Unknown’ period attribution. The chronological breakdown above reflects only the dated subset.
Terrain and environment
A mean elevation of 170m places this ward in the top 8% of NI wards by altitude, but the ward reaches 537m at its highest point — a vertical span of more than 367m within its boundary, indicating significant topographic diversity. The terrain is consistently steep, with a mean slope of 6.9° (93th percentile across NI). The ward is well-drained, with a Topographic Wetness Index of 9.4 (6th NI percentile) — characteristic of upland or steeply-sloping ground that sheds water rapidly. The land cover is dominated by improved grassland (74%) and woodland (25%). In overall character, this is an upland landscape of steep, elevated terrain, with land use dominated by improved grassland.
Terrain measurements
Where this ward sits in NI
Geology and preservation
The dominant bedrock formed during the Neoproterozoic era (Carboniferous period). Late Pre-Cambrian rock laid down before the Cambrian explosion of life — a stable, long-eroded basement geology. Peat coverage is limited (2%). Bedrock composition is moderately varied (complexity index 0.64), with two or three geological units present within the ward boundary.
Placename evidence
The combined OSNI, Logainm NI, and GeoNames sources record 57 placenames for this ward. Diagnostic heritage strata identified within these are: 8 pre-Christian defensive (rath-, dún-, lios-, caiseal-) and 2 ecclesiastical (cill-, teampall-, mainistir-, díseart-). Note: Irish-language (name_ga) forms are recorded for roughly half of NI placenames in the combined sources, so anglicised forms whose Irish original could belong to multiple categories may be misclassified.
Placename categories
Scheduled monuments in GORTIN
Scheduled monuments are sites legally protected under the Historic Monuments and Archaeological Objects (Northern Ireland) Order 1995, designated by the Historic Environment Division (HED).
| Monument | Type | Period |
|---|---|---|
| Stone circles and alignment: 'standing stones' | Stone Circles And Alignment: 'Standing Stones' | Early Bronze Age |
| Cappagh Church | Cappagh Church | Unknown |
| Rath | Rath | Early Medieval |
| Ring Barrow | Ring Barrow | Early Bronze Age |
| Two stone circles, standing stone and possible cairn | Two Stone Circles, Standing Stone And Possible Cairn | Early Bronze Age |
| Stone circle and stone alignment | Stone Circle And Stone Alignment | Early Bronze Age |
| Court tomb, 'Cloghogle' | Court Tomb, 'Cloghogle' | Neolithic |
| Stone Circle | Stone Circle | Early Bronze Age |
Recorded historic sites
| Name | Period | Type |
|---|---|---|
| A.P. SITE – 2 circular cropmarks | Unknown | Unknown |
| A.P. SITE – 2 circular cropmarks | Unknown | Unknown |
| A.P. SITE – 2 oval cropmarks | Unknown | Unknown |
| A.P. SITE – ENCLOSURE | Iron Age | Unknown |
| A.P. SITE – allotments | Unknown | Unknown |
| A.P. SITE – circular cropmark | Unknown | Unknown |
| A.P. SITE – cropmark | Unknown | Unknown |
| A.P. SITE – large circular cropmark | Unknown | Unknown |
| A.P. SITE – oval mound – cairn? | Early Bronze Age | Ritual/Funerary |
| AP Cropmark- Possible enclosure | Iron Age | Unknown |
Listed buildings in GORTIN
| Address / Name | Grade | Period |
|---|---|---|
| Ulster Bank, 2 & 4 Main Street, Gortin, Omagh, Co Tyrone, BT78 8PH | B2 | 1840 – 1859 |
| Beltrim Castle 86 Killymore Road Gortin Co Tyrone BT79 8PL | B+ | 1780 – 1799 |
| St. Patrick’s Church, Glen Park Road, Gortin, Co.Tyrone, BT78 4PF | B2 | 1840 – 1859 |
| Stone Bridge Gortnagarn Road Omagh Co Tyrone BT78 5NW | B2 | 1800 – 1819 |
| Cappagh Church of Ireland Cappagh Road Omagh BT79 7JG | B+ | 1780 – 1799 |
| Broadford Bridge to north of Mellon Road Omagh Co Tyrone BT78 5QU | B2 | 1840 – 1859 |
| Erganagh Rectory 21 Glenpark Road Omagh Co Tyrone BT79 7SR | B1 | 1840 – 1859 |
| Old Mountjoy 205 Gortin Road Mountjoy Forest East Division Gortin Co. Tyrone BT79 7JQ | B+ | 1780 – 1799 |
| St. Mary's R.C. Church Knockmoyle Road Gortin Omagh Co. Tyrone BT79 7TA | B1 | 1860 – 1879 |
| MONUMENT IN DUNMULLAN OLD CHURCH DUNMULLAN ROAD OMAGH CO. TYRONE | B1 | — |
Discover more in Fermanagh and Omagh
Want a deeper view?
Grounding History: 10 Maps of Northern Ireland’s Past
A spatial history report bringing together analysis of all 462 wards into one place through 10 high-quality maps — covering monument density, archaeological periods, placename heritage, terrain, wetland, and the historic landscape at first survey.
About this profile
What is a ward?
A ward is the smallest electoral and statistical geography used by the Northern Ireland Statistics and Research Agency (NISRA). The boundaries used here are the 2014 NISRA / OSNI Wards (462 across Northern Ireland), each typically covering 1-700 km² and a population of a few thousand. Wards do not align with parishes, townlands, or any historic administrative unit — they are a modern statistical convenience, used here only as a fixed spatial frame within which to summarise heritage records.
What counts as a site?
Three distinct heritage record types are reported separately, not combined: (1) Historic Sites — entries in the Northern Ireland Sites and Monuments Record (NISMR), the inventory of recorded archaeological sites and findspots, dated from prehistoric to early-modern; (2) Scheduled Monuments — sites legally protected under the Historic Monuments and Archaeological Objects (NI) Order 1995 and maintained by the Historic Environment Division (HED); (3) Listed Buildings — buildings of architectural or historic interest protected under the Planning Act (NI) 2011 and graded A, B+, B1, B2, or Record-Only by HED. A site appearing in more than one register is counted in each register independently.
Editorial principles
These ward profiles describe evidence, not history. They report what is recorded, not what occurred. Where the data is ambiguous, we say so. We do not infer historical processes — population movements, settlement expansion, periods of decline — from patterns in the record. Absence of evidence is not evidence of absence: in Northern Ireland, where antiquarian survey was uneven and modern excavation is geographically biased, a gap in the record almost always reflects the limits of recording rather than a genuine historical absence. We mark such gaps explicitly where they appear in the data.
Limits of coverage and known caveats
Several caveats apply to every ward profile: (1) NISMR coverage is uneven across NI — some areas (notably parts of the south-east and the Belfast urban fringe) have been more intensively surveyed than others, so a low recorded site count does not reliably indicate a low past density of activity; (2) period attributions in NISMR are often 'Unknown', and chronological breakdowns reported here reflect only the dated subset; (3) placename classification depends on the Irish-language form (name_ga), which is recorded for approximately 50% of NI placenames in the combined sources, so ecclesiastical and pre-Christian counts may be understated where anglicised forms remain unparsed; (4) terrain percentile ranks compare each ward only to the other 461 NI wards; they are not absolute thresholds. For absence-dominant land cover categories (wetland, water, cropland), percentile ranks are suppressed below 1% raw value, since the ranking of zero-value wards is not meaningful.
Data sources (11)
- Northern Ireland Sites and Monuments Record (NISMR) https://www.communities-ni.gov.uk/articles/nismr-public-mapviewer
- HED Scheduled Monuments Dataset https://www.opendatani.gov.uk/@historic-environment-division/scheduled-monuments-northern-ireland
- HED Historic Buildings Record https://www.communities-ni.gov.uk/topics/historic-environment/listed-buildings
- OSNI OS Open Names (Northern Ireland) https://www.opendatani.gov.uk/@ordnance-survey-of-northern-ireland/osni-open-data—50k-gazetteer
- Logainm — Placenames Database of Ireland https://www.logainm.ie/
- GeoNames https://www.geonames.org/
- Census 2021 (Northern Ireland) https://www.nisra.gov.uk/statistics/2021-census
- OSNI Open Data — Largescale Boundaries https://www.opendatani.gov.uk/@ordnance-survey-of-northern-ireland/osni-open-data-largescale-boundaries-wards-2012
- Copernicus GLO-30 DEM https://spacedata.copernicus.eu/collections/copernicus-digital-elevation-model
- ESA WorldCover https://esa-worldcover.org/
- GSNI 1:250,000 Geology https://www.bgs.ac.uk/geological-data/maps/